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Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI), formerly known as the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP), is a program within the Center for Inquiry (CFI), a U.S. non-profit organization whose stated purpose is to "encourage the critical investigation of paranormal and fringe-science claims from a responsible, scientific point of view and disseminate factual information about the results of such inquiries to the scientific community and the public."〔(【引用サイトリンク】 CSICOP website ) Statement from the heading of the website.〕 CSI was founded in 1976 by Paul Kurtz to counter what he regarded as an uncritical acceptance of, and support for, paranormal claims by both the media and society in general. Its philosophical position is one of scientific skepticism. CSI's fellows have included notable scientists, Nobel laureates, philosophers, psychologists, educators and authors.〔Kurtz, Paul. (1996). ''Skepticism and the Paranormal''. In Gordon Stein (Ed.). ''The Encyclopedia of the Paranormal''. pp. 684-701. Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-021-5〕 It is headquartered in Amherst, New York.
==History ==
In the early 1970s, there was a significant upsurge of interest in the paranormal in the United States. This generated concern in some quarters, where it was seen as part of a growing tide of irrationalism.〔''The Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research'', Volume 86, No. 1, January 1992〕 In 1975 secular humanist philosopher and professor Paul Kurtz had previously initiated a statement, "Objections to Astrology," which was co-written with Bart Bok (lead author) and Lawrence E. Jerome, and endorsed by 186 scientists including 19 Nobel laureates and published in the AHA's newsletter ''The Humanist'',〔 of which Kurtz was then editor. In addition, according to Kurtz, the statement was sent to every newspaper in the United States and Canada. The positive reaction to this statement encouraged Kurtz to invite "as many skeptical researchers as () could locate" to the 1976 conference with the aim of establishing a new organization dedicated to examining critically a wide range of paranormal claims.〔 Amongst those invited were Martin Gardner, Ray Hyman, James Randi, and Marcello Truzzi, all members of the Resources for the Scientific Evaluation of the Paranormal (RSEP), a fledgling group with objectives similar to those CSI would subsequently adopt.〔
RSEP disbanded and its members, along with others such as Carl Sagan, Isaac Asimov, B.F. Skinner, and Philip J. Klass joined Kurtz, Randi, Gardner and Hyman to form the Committee for Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, or CSICOP.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 CSICOP website )〕 Kurtz, Randi, Gardner and Hyman took seats on the executive board.〔Higginbotham, Adam (November 7, 2014). ("The Unbelievable Skepticism of the Amazing Randi" ). ''The New York Times''.〕 The organization was officially launched at a specially convened conference of the American Humanist Association (AHA) at the Amherst campus of the State University of New York at Buffalo on April 30 and May 1, 1976. The organization would be funded with donations and sales of their magazine, ''Skeptical Inquirer''.〔
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